Fayum located 100 kilometres (62 miles) southwest of Cairo, in the Fayum Oasis. It is one of Egypt's oldest cities due to its strategic location. Archaeological evidence has found occupations around the Fayum dating back to at least the Epipalaeolithic period. The middle Holocene occupations of the area are most widely studied on the north shore of Lake Qarun, where Caton-Thompson and Gardner did a number of excavations of Epipalaeolithic and Neolithic sites, as well as a general survey of the area.

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